We had been in 1140: the Normans are firmly installed on the throne looking forward to seeing how to write stories to please them, and need little to bring Eleanor of Aquitaine sponsoring troubadours, and this is important, because this is how enter one of the most important elements of the Arthurian romances: the courtly love .
We will continue with Campbell, who subidivió this late stage of development of the myth, four others
1) patriotic epic Anglo-Norman from 1137 to 1205.
2) French courtly novels from 1160 to 1230.
3) religious legends of the Grail from 1180 to 1230.
4) Epic Germany from 1200 to 1215.
Area of \u200b\u200b1140 are the start date of all because it is when the History Regum Brittanniae of Geoffrey of Monmouth . Which as the title itself is a work "historic." What happens is that history is adorned with many fantastic column systems. As the Showtime series. Or as the books of Cesar Vidal.
Anyway, Geoffrey is now in almost all narrated in Latin prose : Arturo is no longer a leader but a full-fledged feudal king, Merlin the magician is present, and not forget that much of the success of Merlin in the legends we owe to Geoffrey of Monmouth are the brutal Uther Pendragon, Gawain, Excalibur, and infidelity in Geneva ... with the difference that here the lover of the queen is ... Mordred!
Yes, Mordred. Lancelot, Galahad and his son are the latest additions to the medieval legend. In particular are a French invention back, while horsemen as Gawain and Yvain transcripts of solar heroes are much older Celtic. What makes me remember that in some movie that was sold as " the true story behind the legend " Lancelot and Galahad out without fail.
So I'm still hoping that one day someone will investigate the real historical figure behind the Prince Valiant, or after Darth Vader, for example.
But while Geoffrey of Monmouth is responsible for shaping the end of the story, the starting gun for the dissemination of all this for Europe is another: Wace, which translates prose Geoffrey Latin to French verse to King Henry II Plantagenet, the husband of Eleanor of Aquitaine, and as his dominions extended throughout Europe soon Matter of Britain is going into fashion across the continent.
polite French Romances (1160 - 1230)
Those who polished the myth. Invented Lancelot / Lancelot and Galahad singracia that very soon we will see. Highlight a name: Chrétien de Troyes .
Chrétien is best known for his Story of the Grail and Lanzarote or Knight of the Cart . However, my favorite work from him is Yvain or the Knight of the Lion . Cortito a book where we find:
Gambling gentlemen. Gambling
warriors fighting each other.
A magical lion.
A dragon with fire and everything.
A ring that makes the wearer invisible.
Love Adventure.
And this has not yet been made into a film!
But seriously, it is normal for the neophyte think of the chivalric romances as posh stories sheathed in tin, damsels whose sole function in life is to wait to be rescued and sappy tale whiff. However, nothing is further from reality, unlike many current writers, Chrétien was clear that matters in their stories: the characters. Dilemmas, gaffes and concern for one's actions are a constant in the work of Chrétien, even the women, who occupy an important and active role in history.
In their stories, the characters come to life, charisma and is easy to feel sympathy for them. Up by the villains, it's always interesting to discover that the supernatural knight who terrorizes the forest in turn, is behind a loving family and misses.
The religious legends of the Grail (1180 - 1230)
Here come the poems of Robert de Boron about Joseph of Arimathea and Merlin, Perlesvaus and especially the Arthurian Vulgate.
Chrétien already had its own story about the Grail Perceval as the protagonist. Perceval is a hero rather nag that little by little at the cost of errors to score perfects charismatic. The Grail is a magical object which undetermined meaning is hidden because he left it unfinished!
The cycle Vulgate is divided into three parts: the Lanzarote Prose (recommended), the Queste or Quest of the Holy Grail and end or Mortha d'Arthur (highly recommended). All of them published separately today.
William Ernest Chapman, The Departure of the Knights
The Quest of the Grail included in the Vulgate is completely different from the misfortunes of Sir Perceval Chretien put into verse. Here, everything Camelot in search of the "Holy Grail, a vile excuse to get us huge doses of ecclesiastical imagery. And introduce a new hero: the meapilas of Galahad / Galaz , a figuration of Jesus Christ and the gentleman with less charisma of all the Round Table. Comes into the world without sin, everything goes well and smoothly succeeds where all others will fail.
Another author of this phase is Robert de Boron , whose poems are not edited, but those imitators in prose, they offer a great deal of epic highly recommended.
German Epic (1200 - 1215)
Here he Wolfram von Eschenbach . Take the Perceval of Chrétien, adapts it into German, add things of their harvest and gives order and the result is Parzival, a jewel of German literature. Esoteric and charming as his own. Nothing but worth it for the wonderful introduction to the life of Gahmuret, father of our hero Grail favorite.
Finally ...
We lack an important author, but much later: Thomas Malory (fifteenth century). Your Death of Arthur is most similar to that Arthurian megalibraco said the other day . It is based of THWhite Camelot, the nineteenth century, and through him the movie Excalibur or The Sword in the Stone with notable licenses. But Malory, despite being English, only inspired by the French authors, it is noted by characters such as Sir Gawain, that while English is a gentleman works copy in Malory, as in Chrétien, is a guy a little rough, but good-hearted. In addition Malory adds things of his own, as the story of Balin and Balan.
The legendary version of Malory's not my favorite, but must recognize that he wrote extremely well, which is what counts. A typical feature is the hallmark of his fate in his characters: there are no good or bad, everyone has their motivations, and even Mordred ultimately turns out to be a reasonable individual, but the fatality of events is what ends up precipitating things. For even the king was and who will return
get rid of the Wheel of Destiny.
Anyway, Geoffrey is now in almost all narrated in Latin prose : Arturo is no longer a leader but a full-fledged feudal king, Merlin the magician is present, and not forget that much of the success of Merlin in the legends we owe to Geoffrey of Monmouth are the brutal Uther Pendragon, Gawain, Excalibur, and infidelity in Geneva ... with the difference that here the lover of the queen is ... Mordred! Yes, Mordred. Lancelot, Galahad and his son are the latest additions to the medieval legend. In particular are a French invention back, while horsemen as Gawain and Yvain transcripts of solar heroes are much older Celtic. What makes me remember that in some movie that was sold as " the true story behind the legend " Lancelot and Galahad out without fail.
So I'm still hoping that one day someone will investigate the real historical figure behind the Prince Valiant, or after Darth Vader, for example.
But while Geoffrey of Monmouth is responsible for shaping the end of the story, the starting gun for the dissemination of all this for Europe is another: Wace, which translates prose Geoffrey Latin to French verse to King Henry II Plantagenet, the husband of Eleanor of Aquitaine, and as his dominions extended throughout Europe soon Matter of Britain is going into fashion across the continent.
polite French Romances (1160 - 1230)
Those who polished the myth. Invented Lancelot / Lancelot and Galahad singracia that very soon we will see. Highlight a name: Chrétien de Troyes .
Chrétien is best known for his Story of the Grail and Lanzarote or Knight of the Cart . However, my favorite work from him is Yvain or the Knight of the Lion . Cortito a book where we find:
Gambling gentlemen. Gambling
warriors fighting each other.
A magical lion.
A dragon with fire and everything.
A ring that makes the wearer invisible.
Love Adventure.
And this has not yet been made into a film!
But seriously, it is normal for the neophyte think of the chivalric romances as posh stories sheathed in tin, damsels whose sole function in life is to wait to be rescued and sappy tale whiff. However, nothing is further from reality, unlike many current writers, Chrétien was clear that matters in their stories: the characters. Dilemmas, gaffes and concern for one's actions are a constant in the work of Chrétien, even the women, who occupy an important and active role in history.
In their stories, the characters come to life, charisma and is easy to feel sympathy for them. Up by the villains, it's always interesting to discover that the supernatural knight who terrorizes the forest in turn, is behind a loving family and misses.
The religious legends of the Grail (1180 - 1230)
Here come the poems of Robert de Boron about Joseph of Arimathea and Merlin, Perlesvaus and especially the Arthurian Vulgate.
Chrétien already had its own story about the Grail Perceval as the protagonist. Perceval is a hero rather nag that little by little at the cost of errors to score perfects charismatic. The Grail is a magical object which undetermined meaning is hidden because he left it unfinished!
The cycle Vulgate is divided into three parts: the Lanzarote Prose (recommended), the Queste or Quest of the Holy Grail and end or Mortha d'Arthur (highly recommended). All of them published separately today.
William Ernest Chapman, The Departure of the Knights The Quest of the Grail included in the Vulgate is completely different from the misfortunes of Sir Perceval Chretien put into verse. Here, everything Camelot in search of the "Holy Grail, a vile excuse to get us huge doses of ecclesiastical imagery. And introduce a new hero: the meapilas of Galahad / Galaz , a figuration of Jesus Christ and the gentleman with less charisma of all the Round Table. Comes into the world without sin, everything goes well and smoothly succeeds where all others will fail.
Another author of this phase is Robert de Boron , whose poems are not edited, but those imitators in prose, they offer a great deal of epic highly recommended.
German Epic (1200 - 1215)
Here he Wolfram von Eschenbach . Take the Perceval of Chrétien, adapts it into German, add things of their harvest and gives order and the result is Parzival, a jewel of German literature. Esoteric and charming as his own. Nothing but worth it for the wonderful introduction to the life of Gahmuret, father of our hero Grail favorite.
Finally ...
We lack an important author, but much later: Thomas Malory (fifteenth century). Your Death of Arthur is most similar to that Arthurian megalibraco said the other day . It is based of THWhite Camelot, the nineteenth century, and through him the movie Excalibur or The Sword in the Stone with notable licenses. But Malory, despite being English, only inspired by the French authors, it is noted by characters such as Sir Gawain, that while English is a gentleman works copy in Malory, as in Chrétien, is a guy a little rough, but good-hearted. In addition Malory adds things of his own, as the story of Balin and Balan.
The legendary version of Malory's not my favorite, but must recognize that he wrote extremely well, which is what counts. A typical feature is the hallmark of his fate in his characters: there are no good or bad, everyone has their motivations, and even Mordred ultimately turns out to be a reasonable individual, but the fatality of events is what ends up precipitating things. For even the king was and who will return
get rid of the Wheel of Destiny.
incunabula Mortha d'Arthur Malory. The full copy can be digitized here.
On issues Grail, a rigorous and comprehensive work is The Holy Grail by Richard Barber.
If anyone is interested in the subject, two small works are highly recommended History of King Arthur and the nobles and knights errant of the Round Table Carlos García Gual and Brief Dictionary of Arthurian Carlos Alvar. Two authors who are dedicated to the dissemination but seriously (and enjoyable reading, eye).
On issues Grail, a rigorous and comprehensive work is The Holy Grail by Richard Barber.
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